Asthma Inhalers: What They Are and How to Choose One

If you have asthma, your inhaler is probably the most important thing in your medicine cabinet. It’s the tool that opens up tight airways fast enough to let you breathe normally again. But not every inhaler works the same way, and picking the right one can feel confusing.

Reliever vs. Controller Inhalers

First, split them into two groups: relievers (also called rescue inhalers) and controllers (sometimes called preventers). A reliever, like albuterol‑based Ventolin or ProAir, gives a quick burst of bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in the airway. You reach for it when you feel wheezy, short‑of‑breath, or during an asthma attack.

A controller inhaler works over time to keep inflammation down. These usually contain steroids (like fluticasone) or a mix of steroid and long‑acting bronchodilator (for example, Symbicort or Advair). You take them every day, even when you feel fine, to stop attacks before they start.

How to Use an Inhaler Correctly

Even the best inhaler won’t help if you use it wrong. Here’s a quick step‑by‑step for metered‑dose inhalers (MDIs), which are the most common:

1. Shake the inhaler well for about five seconds.
2. Breathe out fully, but keep your mouth open.
3. Put the mouthpiece between your teeth and close your lips around it.
4. Press down on the canister once while you start to breathe in slowly (about one second).
5. Hold your breath for 10 seconds, then breathe out gently.

If you use a dry‑powder inhaler (DPI) like Advair Diskus, you don’t need to press anything. Just load the dose, inhale quickly and deep, then hold your breath briefly.

After each use, wipe the mouthpiece with a clean cloth or tissue. This prevents medication residue from building up and reduces the risk of infection.

When Might You Switch Inhalers?

Sometimes doctors suggest changing from one inhaler to another. A common scenario is moving from Symbicort to Advair. The switch might happen if you need a different steroid dose, want a once‑daily routine instead of twice a day, or experience side effects like throat irritation.

If your doctor recommends a change, ask for a clear tapering plan. For example, keep using your old inhaler at the same dose while you start the new one at half strength, then gradually increase over two weeks. This approach helps avoid sudden gaps in medication coverage.

Tips to Keep Your Inhaler Working

• Store it at room temperature; don’t leave it in a hot car or the freezer.
• Check the expiration date regularly. An expired inhaler may not deliver enough medicine.
• If you notice a whistling sound when you press the canister, it could be clogged—clean the mouthpiece or replace the inhaler.
• Carry a spare inhaler if you travel often. It’s easier to replace a lost device than to run out during an attack.

Understanding these basics makes managing asthma less stressful. Use your reliever when symptoms flare, stay on schedule with your controller, and keep the device clean and in good shape. If anything feels off—persistent coughing, reduced relief, or weird smells—talk to your doctor right away.

With the right inhaler and proper technique, you can keep asthma under control and focus on the things that matter most in your day-to‑day life.